Promoting Patriotism and HOTS in Essay Questions: A Study of English Textbooks for SMK/MAK in Indonesia

Abstract

This study is critical discourse analysis related to textbooks. Textbooks are crucial for supporting classroom learning and achieving learning objectives. In the globalization era, critical thinking is essential for students to adapt to the changes. The study is interested in investigating HOTS in essay reading questions that promote patriotism values distributed in the English SMK/MAK textbook for grades X published by Bumi Aksara based on the Merdeka curriculum. The study uses content analysis with a qualitative approach and Revised Blooms' taxonomy framework to classify the questions into different levels of HOTS. The results indicate that HOTS in essay reading questions promote patriotism values in various ways and enhancing students' patriotism. Therefore, this book is suitable for use because it enhancing students' understanding of heroism and the history of Indonesia's struggle for independence.