The Concept of Self-Reproach from an Islamic Perspective by Explaining the Companions' Understanding and their Applications of Self-Reproach through the Hadiths of the Prophet and their Sayings Included in Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim

Abstract

The aim of this research is to demonstrate the practical application of self-blame from an Islamic perspective, by clarifying the understanding of the companions of the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and their uses of self-blame through Hs and effects included in the two books of Sahih Al-Bukhari and Muslim. The researcher relied on the objective analysis method to study Hs and effects.The findings of the research showed that the Companions used to blame themselves if they committed a sin or a mistake or acted contrary to what they believed to be obligatory with the presence of individual differences and cultural differences between them in the sense of perfection in the performance of worship. Self-blame was a positive blame,as it was disciplined by following the standards that were mentioned in the legal directives regarding self-blame, which were characterized by softness and facilitation, opening the door to repentance, correction and expiations,and cutting the tributaries of sadness and despair, even if self-blame turned much intense than it was in the era of the Holy Prophet due to the circumstances of changing times and the emergence of strife, Islamic sects and wars. The findings also showed that adherence to Shari’ah  science and knowledge of the purposes of Sharia and not being strict is one of the things that made the Companions more moderate in their practical application of self-blame after the death of the Prophet Muhammad,peace be upon him.