Examining the Impact of Toxic Leadership in Public Organizations Using Biblioshiny Bibliometric Analysis
Abstract
Leadership at an organizational level is a key factor that will interfere with overall organizational achievements, including the well-being of other relatives who share the same vision. In this sense, leadership is not unidimensional to behavioral positivism. Hence, in a dynamic organizational atmosphere, leadership can be altered positively by managing issues or become toxic leadership in a negative sense. Whether it is positive or negative, the impact of that leadership style does not exactly result in the same way as it is positively or negatively performed. Therefore, identifying factors and criteria by which a leader performs is essential to having better insight into organizational needs. We conduct a bibliometric study to explore the factors and criteria of a toxic leader from open-access Scopus-indexed journals using a biblioshiny application limited to publications in this decade (not older than 2013). The criteria for filtering journal articles is based on PRISMA and JBI standards. Our present study of literature related to leadership suggests that toxic terms share the same explanation with 'bad' and 'ugly' leadership. The term 'bad' in leadership research is the oldest, followed by 'ugly' and then 'toxic', which can be traced to 2013, 2015, and 2018. Overall terms, whether they are toxic, bad, or ugly, share the same meaning: a leader behaves negatively and impacts other subordinates negatively.