The Role of Respiratory Therapists in Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive and debilitating condition characterized by persistent airflow limitation and significant systemic effects. It is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a growing prevalence driven by aging populations, smoking, and environmental pollution. Effective management of COPD necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, in which respiratory therapists (RTs) play a pivotal role. Their expertise in pulmonary care encompasses diagnostic evaluation, therapeutic interventions, and patient education, making them integral to improving clinical outcomes and enhancing quality of life for COPD patients. RTs contribute significantly across the care continuum, from acute management during exacerbations to long-term home care. They perform pulmonary function testing, manage oxygen therapy and non-invasive ventilation, and lead pulmonary rehabilitation programs. In acute care settings, RTs stabilize patients with oxygen therapy, assist with airway clearance, and prevent invasive mechanical ventilation through non-invasive techniques. In chronic care, RTs educate patients on inhaler use, smoking cessation, and self-monitoring, empowering them to actively manage their condition. Additionally, RTs play a vital role in reducing hospital readmissions and healthcare costs by improving adherence to therapies and optimizing treatment plans. Their involvement in palliative care ensures symptom relief and compassionate end-of-life care. Despite challenges such as resource limitations and patient adherence issues, RTs continue to drive positive outcomes for COPD patients. Emerging technologies, including telemedicine and remote monitoring, offer promising avenues for expanding their role.