Clinical Features, Etiology, and Management Strategies for Canker Sores: A Review study for Causes, Risk Factors, Treatment Options, Research and Innovations

Abstract

Canker sores, better known in clinical practice as recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), are among the most common conditions of oral mucosa, presenting painful recurrent ulcers. The etiology, hereby proposed as multifactorial will embrace genetic predisposition from nutritional deficiency and lifestyle on one side, and considering clinical presentation, the scope of diagnostic approaches followed by the scope of the treatment that goes from pharmaceutical intervention to more natural choices. It focuses on more preventive practices and novel therapies with elements of immunotherapy, nutrition therapy, and supplementary intake as a source. So, the importance lies in comprehensive management that has an objective of enhancing patient quality. In conclusion, multifaceted management that includes dietary management, topical treatments, good oral hygiene practices, and behavioral changes can be employed effectively to reduce the recurrence among high-risk patients, but with continued research and clinical trials the approach can be well substantiated and therefore these strategies in turn can help develop effective management plans among the affected subjects with RAS. Further research is to be conducted; integrating immunotherapy into nutritional support and systemic treatments may eventually manage canker sores and better quality of life for the afflicted.